Current progress in the study of acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

In recent years the rate of malignant diseases has been growing rapidly around the world. The Republic of Kazakhstan, according to international statistics, refers to the countries with moderately high cancer incidence and mortality. Every year approximately thirty thousand Kazakhstani people are diagnosed with cancer. In 2018, 35,753 patients were registered in the country, of which 44.3% were men and 55.7% were women. Cancer mortality over the same period amounts to about 15,000 lives. The cancer incidence rate increased by 8% from 181.2 (in 1999) to 195.7 per 100,000 population in 2019 [1]. Blood cancers are relatively rare diseases but, nevertheless, in Kazakhstan about 7,000 patients with hematopoietic malignancies are currently registered. Therefore, our knowledge of recent advances in hemato-oncology is highly relevant for successful therapy of these malignancies. In this review we provide information on the subtypes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) – one of the most aggressive blood cancer.