Some morphological and phenological characteristics and volatile components of Campanula rapunculus L. var. rapunculus

Abstract

Campanula which one of the largest species of the Campanulaceae family, is represented by approximately 115 species in our country and is spread in Iran-Turan, Eastern Mediterranean and Mediterranean phytogeographical regions. In this study, it was aimed to determine some morphological features, phenological characteristics and leaf-flower volatile components of Campanula rapunculus var. rapunculus that was collected different locations of Uludag Mountain (Bursa). The average plant height was calculated 37.21 cm and also the number of corolla was 2.4, the length of the corolla was 2.0 cm, calyx lobe length was 1.36 cm, leaf width was 1.7 cm and leaf length was 4.31 cm. Considering its phenological features, it was determined that the first flowering ends in May, full flowering ends in June and flowering ends in late July. A total of 32 different volatile components were detected in Campanula rapunculus with the aid of gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) using volatile components using solid phase micro extraction technique (SPME), 3-Methylbutanal (10.87%), cis-3-Hexene -1-ol (9.85%) and 3-Octanol (9.62%) were identified as major components. In addition to its medicinal benefits, studies on Campanula taxa, which are considered as food and ornamental plants, should be increased and its value should be revealed.