Morphofunctional and morphometric features of the small intestine in experimental rats with inflammation of the abdominal cavity

Abstract

The article presents studies of the effect of fecal suspension by introducing into the abdominal cavity at the rate of 0.5 ml of a 10% solution per 100 g of animal body weight. The morpho-functional state and morphometric analyzes of the small intestine were studied in normal conditions and with inflammation
of the abdominal organs by introducing fecal suspension. The results showed that inflammation of the abdominal organs led to significant changes in the wall of the small intestine, multiple hemorrhages and fibrin clots were found. In the intestine, there is a change and violation of the structures of the small intestine, the total thickness of the mucous membrane increases. Violation of goblet cells, villus height and crypt depth occur. Analysis of the study showed that the walls of the small intestine, revealed structural changes, mainly in the mucosa, submucosa and muscle membranes. The mean value of the mucosal thickness in the control group was 526.17±17.11 micrometer; submucous layer – 47.21±1.63 micrometer. Phenomena of edema, inflammatory infiltration, and separation of muscle fibers were noted in both layers of the muscular membrane. The average layer of thickness of the muscular membrane was 145.67±6.92 µm. Changes in the mucous membrane of the small intestine, at one time reflected in the structural changes in the villi-crypt of the small intestine. A violation of microcirculation in the tissues of the small intestine after the inflammatory process was revealed, which leads to aggravation of dystrophic and necrobiotic lesions of the overall state of the small intestine and is combined with the severity of the clinical picture in experimental animals.